FGSC #5532

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Reporting Genes: his-2 ad-3A ad-3B nic-2 al-2;ad-2

Species: crassa

Allele: C94 1-112-13 35203 43002 1-112-38;1-175-256

Alternate Strain Number: 74-OR76-1A

Depositor: FJD

Linkage Group: IR R R R R;IIIR

Mating Type: A

Species Number: 10

Genetic Background: SL

Deposit Sheet ↗

Genes

Locus	Cultural Requirements	Link Group	Type
nic-2	IR. Between ad-3B (4%) and ace-7 (4 to 7%) (271, 578). (482) Grows on nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, or high concentrations of quinolinic acid (97, 1168). Cannot use kynurenine, hydroxykynurenine, or hydroxyanthranilic acid (96, 1168). Accumulates 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (96) (Fig. 18). Aging cultures accumulate red-brown pigment in the medium. Used to study intralocus recombination (908). Translocations T(4540) and T(S1325)are inseparable from nic-2 (808, 908, 911).	IR	B
ad-2	IIIR. Between thi-2 (1%) and trp-1 (1 to 7%) (11, 219). (482) Requires adenine or hypoxanthine (682). Controls conversion of phosphoribosylformylglycineamidine to AIR (120) (Fig. 8). Strains carrying allele 70004(t) are heat sensitive (34°C versus 25 C) (682) and osmotic remediable (636). Called complementation group H.	IIIR	B
ad-3A	IR. Between his-3 (1 to 2%) and ad-3B (0.1 to 0.7%) (271). Right of ure-4 (78). (482) Requires adenine or hypoxanthine (682). Blocked in interconversion of CAIR plus aspartate to SAICAR (348) (Fig. 8). Produces purple pigment, permitting direct visual selection (276, 682); see the ad-3B entry. Reduced interallelic fertility (407). No interallelic complementation (267; F.J. de Serres, personal communication). ad-3A and ad-3B are two genetically and functionally distinct loci separated by a short but functionally complex region of unknown but essential function (271, 407). They have been used intensively for quantitative genetic and molecular studies of mutation (for a review, see reference 35). Either forward mutation (e.g., reference 277) or reverse mutation (e.g., reference 772) can be measured precisely; the former is detected visually by purple pigment. Purple pigment has also been used to assess the effect of histidine and tryptophan on purine nucleotide synthesis (786). Alleles N23 and N24 have been used as mutagen testers. N23 reverts with agents that cause base pair substitutions; N24 reverts with agents that cause frameshifts (772). SK(ad-3A) is at or near ad-3A and may be a cryptic ad-3A allele. Does not require adenine. In SK(ad-3A)x ad-3Acrosses, the ad-3A progeny die; possibly SK(ad-3A) mutants fail to make enough adenine to support their growth (251). Translocations Y155M64 ad-3A (272; PB) and Y112M15 ad-3A(413) each have one breakpoint that is inseparable from ad-3A. Called complementation group A (264). "A" in the locus symbol does not refer to mating type.	IR	B
ad-3B	IR. Between ad-3A (0.1 to 0.7%) and nic-2 (3%) (271). (482) Uses adenine or hypoxanthine (682). Blocked in interconversion of AIR to CAIR (348) (Fig. 8). Produces purple pigment, permitting direct visual selection (276, 682). Pigment is secreted with low concentrations of adenine (e.g., 0.1 mM), not with high concentrations (2 mM) (276, 682, 785). Pigment production used to assess effect of histidine and tryptophan on purine nucleotide synthesis (786). Reduced interallelic fertility (264, 407). Complementation maps (268, 274). Relation of mutagens to complementation patterns (269). Mutants with non-polarized complementation patterns on the right side of the complementation map grow on minimal medium if supplied with CO2; other mutants do not respond to CO2, (270). Used extensively for mutagenesis (see ad-3A). Rearrangement T(I- >III)Y112M4i ad-3B, which has a breakpoint inseparable from ad-3B, was the first insertional translocation to be reported for fungi (266). Allele 7-017-0137 shows "fixed instability," mutating to an unstable prototrophic allele (41). Alleles 2-17-126, 12-21-28, and numerous others are supersuppressible (408, 749, 955). Called complementation group B.	IR	B
al-2	IR. Right of os-5 (<1%) and T(STL76). Left of arg-6(1%) and al-1 (797, 802, 808, 816, 818). Included in duplications from Tp(T54M94), confirming location left of arg-6(808). (482) Carotenoids absent or abnormal, but steroids produced (398). Blocked in microsomal fraction and defective in phytoene synthetase (445), a particulate enzyme (445 and references cited therein) (Fig. 9). Tracer experiments indicate a lesion between prephytoene pyrophosphate and phytoene (572). Alleles include those resulting in white and pale rose-white, e.g., 15300 and Y254MI65 (1042), and purple, e.g., MN58a (154). For complementation, see references 500 and 1041. Fine-structure mapping (500, 1042) needs reevaluation because of new information on the location of the arg-6 marker (797).	IR	B
his-2	IR. Right of T(AR190) and un-2 (<1%). Left of the T(AR173) right breakpoint and of nuc-1 (<1%) (172, 670, 808). (434)Requires histidine (434). Affects adenosine 5'-triphosphate phosphoribosylpyrophosphate pyrophosphorylase (16) (Fig. 14). Intralocus complementation (162). Recombination between his-2 alleles is controlled by rec-3(173); it is not affected by rec-1 (172). Initial his-2 allele called C94.	IR	B